1 Samuel 16:1

Authorized King James Version

And the LORD said unto Samuel, How long wilt thou mourn for Saul, seeing I have rejected him from reigning over Israel? fill thine horn with oil, and go, I will send thee to Jesse the Beth-lehemite: for I have provided me a king among his sons.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר
said
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
יְהוָ֜ה
And the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#3
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#4
שְׁמוּאֵ֗ל
unto Samuel
shemuel, the name of three israelites
#5
עַד
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
#6
מָתַי֙
properly, extent (of time); but used only adverbially (especially with other particle prefixes), when (either relative or interrogative)
#7
אַתָּה֙
thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you
#8
מִתְאַבֵּ֣ל
H56
How long wilt thou mourn
to bewail
#9
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#10
שָׁא֔וּל
for Saul
shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites
#11
וַֽאֲנִ֣י
i
#12
מְאַסְתִּ֔יו
seeing I have rejected
to spurn; also (intransitively) to disappear
#13
מִמְּלֹ֖ךְ
him from reigning
to reign; hence (by implication) to take counsel
#14
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#15
יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל
over Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
#16
מַלֵּ֨א
fill
to fill or (intransitively) be full of, in a wide application (literally and figuratively)
#17
קַרְנְךָ֜
thine horn
a horn (as projecting); by implication, a flask, cornet; by resemblance. an elephant's tooth (i.e., ivory), a corner (of the altar), a peak (of a moun
#18
שֶׁ֗מֶן
with oil
grease, especially liquid (as from the olive, often perfumed); figuratively, richness
#19
וְלֵ֤ךְ
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
#20
אֶֽשְׁלָחֲךָ֙
I will send
to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
#21
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#22
יִשַׁ֣י
thee to Jesse
jishai, david's father
#23
בֵּֽית
H0
#24
הַלַּחְמִ֔י
the Bethlehemite
a beth-lechemite, or native of bethlechem
#25
כִּֽי
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#26
רָאִ֧יתִי
for I have provided
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
#27
בְּבָנָ֛יו
among his sons
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#28
לִ֖י
H0
#29
מֶֽלֶךְ׃
me a king
a king

Analysis

Within the broader context of 1 Samuel, this passage highlights kingdom of God through rhetorical questioning that engages the reader. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by introducing key themes that will be developed throughout 1 Samuel.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on kingdom of God particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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